A cikin samar da masana'antu, kusoshi sukan karye, to me yasa kusoshi ke karye? A yau, an fi bincikar ta ne ta fuskoki huɗu.
A haƙiƙa, yawancin hutun ƙulle-ƙulle yana faruwa ne saboda rashin ƙarfi, kuma an karye su saboda rashin ƙarfi. Domin yanayin sassautawa da karyewa kusan iri ɗaya ne da na karaya, a ƙarshe, koyaushe muna iya samun dalili daga ƙarfin gajiya. A gaskiya ma, ƙarfin gajiya yana da girma wanda ba za mu iya tunaninsa ba, kuma kullun ba sa buƙatar ƙarfin gajiya gaba ɗaya yayin amfani.
Na farko, karaya ba saboda ƙarfin juzu'i na kullin ba:
Ɗauki M20×80 grade 8.8 mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a matsayin misali. Nauyinsa yana da 0.2kg kawai, yayin da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfinsa shine 20t, wanda ya kai nauyin 100,000 na kansa. Gabaɗaya, muna amfani da shi kawai don ɗaure sassan 20kg kuma muna amfani da kashi dubu ɗaya kawai na iyakar ƙarfinsa. Ko da a karkashin aikin wasu sojojin a cikin kayan aiki, ba zai yiwu a karya ta hanyar sau dubu na nauyin abubuwan da aka gyara ba, don haka ƙarfin daɗaɗɗen zaren ya isa, kuma ba zai yiwu a lalata kullin ba. rashin isasshen ƙarfi.
Na biyu, karaya ba wai saboda karfin gajiyar kullin ba:
Za a iya sassauta na'urar sau ɗari kawai a cikin gwajin sassautawar girgiza, amma yana buƙatar girgiza sau miliyan ɗaya akai-akai a gwajin ƙarfin gajiya. Ma'ana, zaren zaren yana sassautawa idan ya yi amfani da dubu goma na ƙarfin gajiyawarsa, kuma muna amfani da dubu goma ne kawai na babban ƙarfinsa, don haka sakin zaren ɗin ba saboda ƙarfin ƙarfin kullin ba ne.
Na uku, ainihin dalilin lalacewa na zaren fasteners shine sako-sako:
Bayan da aka sassauta na'urar, an samar da makamashi mai girma mv2, wanda ke aiki kai tsaye akan na'urar da kayan aiki, yana haifar da lalacewa. Bayan da fastener ya lalace, kayan aikin ba zai iya aiki a cikin al'ada ba, wanda ya kara haifar da lalacewar kayan aiki.
Zaren dunƙule na fastener wanda aka yiwa ƙarfin axial ya lalace kuma an cire kullin.
Don masu ɗaure da aka yi wa ƙarfin radial, an yi sheared a kusoshi kuma ramin kulle yana da murabba'i.
Hudu, zaɓi hanyar kulle zaren tare da kyakkyawan tasirin kullewa shine tushen don magance matsalar:
Dauki hammer hydraulic a matsayin misali. Nauyin guduma na ruwa na GT80 shine ton 1.663, kuma kusoshi na gefen sa 7 sets na M42 bolts na aji 10.9. Ƙarfin ƙarfin kowane bolt yana da ton 110, kuma ƙarfin pretighting ana ƙididdige shi a matsayin rabin ƙarfin ƙarfi, kuma ƙarfin pretighting ya kai ton dari uku ko hudu. Koyaya, kullin zai karye, kuma yanzu yana shirye don canza shi zuwa M48. Babban dalili shine kulle kulle ba zai iya magance shi ba.
Lokacin da kusoshi ya karye, cikin sauƙi mutane za su iya ɗauka cewa ƙarfinsa bai isa ba, don haka yawancinsu sun ɗauki hanyar ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin diamita. Wannan hanya za ta iya ƙara ƙarfin riga-kafi na kusoshi, kuma an ƙara ƙarfin juzu'anta. Tabbas, ana iya inganta tasirin anti-loosening. Duk da haka, wannan hanyar ita ce hanyar da ba ta sana'a ba, tare da zuba jari da yawa da kuma ƙananan riba.
A taƙaice, kullin shine: "Idan ba ku kwance shi ba, zai karye."
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-29-2022